Role of microRNA-375 in efficacy evaluation and prediction of laparoscopic gastric bypass in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Objective To investigate the role of microRNA-375 (miR-375) in efficacy evaluation and prediction of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods Clinical and laboratory data of 17 patients with T2DM undergoing LRYGB in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from May 2010 to March 2013 were retrospectively studied. Among the 17 patients, 7 were males and 10 were females with an average age of (46±13) years old. The informed consents of all patients were obtained and the local ethical committee approval had been received. Body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), fasting insulin (FIns), fasting C peptide (FCP), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and miR-375 of all the patients were collected and compared before and 1, 3, 6 months after surgery. The comparisons of clinical and laboratory data before and after surgery were conducted using t test and Mann-Whitney U test, and the correlation analysis between miR-375 and each factor was conducted using Spearman rank correlation analysis. Results All patients received LRYGB successfully. At 6 months after LRYGB, BMI was (26±5) kg/m2, FPG was (6.3±1.7) mmol/L, HbA1c was (6.5±0.8)%, FIns was 6.1[3.5, 8.6] mU/L, HOMA-IR was 1.9[1.0, 2.6], TC was (4.1±1.1) mmol/L, TG was (0.9±0.4) mmol/L, LDL-C was (2.3±0.7) mmol/L and miR-375 was 0.06[0.00, 0.12], which were significantly lower than (33±7) kg/m2, (11.1±3.6) mmol/L, (9.3±1.6)%, 12.7[3.6, 19.3] mU/L, 5.4[1.9, 13.7], (5.0±1.0) mmol/L, (3.6±4.0) mmol/L, (3.1±0.7) mmol/L and 1.20[0.60, 1.85] before operation respectively (P<0.05); and HDL-C of these patients was (1.23±0.19) mmol/L, which was significantly higher than (1.05±0.14) mmol/L before operation. The correlation analysis showed that miR-375 was positively correlated with BMI, TC, TG, LDL-C, HbA1c, FPG, FIns, FCP and HOMA-IR respectively (P<0.05). Conclusions MiR-375 is closely related to blood glucose control and improvement of lipid and insulin resistance. Owing to the convenience and feasibility of being tested in serum, miR-375 may become a new biomarker, which can be used to evaluate and predict the curative effect of LRYGB on T2DM. Key words: MicroRNA-375; Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; Diabetes mellitus, type 2