Role of microbial carbon capture cells in carbon sequestration and energy generation during wastewater treatment: A sustainable solution for cleaner environment

Abstract

Unusual increases in population around the world have prompted issues with energy supply, environmental changes, and waste management, all of which demand for advancements in waste-to-energy systems. With the increasing anxiety for worldwide environmental change, a renewable, effective and sustainable power generation from wastewater is imperious. Although plants and human life can benefit from exposure to CO2, excessive CO2 can have a negative impact on your health. More harmful consequences on the ecosystem may potentially emerge from an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. The current review is coordinated towards assessing the ability of microbial carbon capture cells (MCC) for concurrent carbon sequestration and energy generation during wastewater treatment. This review article presents a technique of microbial CO2 fixation, metabolic pathways and role of genetically modified micro-organisms for CO2 capture and sequestration. The function of MCC including its possible applications is affected by various factors, which are outlined. The potential utilization of micro-organisms in energy generation and wastewater treatment when consolidated in a MCC has been discussed. This review summarizes the approaches including recent advances, challenges and perspectives that employ microbes to capture and sequester CO2, bioconversion of CO2 to energy generation.