Abstract
BackgroundLupus retinopathy is one of the most common vision-threatening complications of systemic lupus erythematosus. The presence of lupus retinopathy is an accurate guide to the presence of active systemic disease activity.ResultsA prospective study was conducted looking at 91 established cases of systemic lupus erythematosus to evaluate lupus retinopathy. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of lupus retinopathy, and a comparison of clinical and laboratory findings between two groups was done. Among 91 SLE patients, 5 were male and 86 were female; of which, 85 (93.4 %) were outpatients and 6 (6.6 %) were inpatients. Lupus retinopathy was found in 13 eyes of 11 cases out of 91 cases (12.1 %). Among these 13 eyes with lupus retinopathy, 61.5 % had mild type of lupus retinopathy, 15.4 % had moderate type, and 23.1 % had severe lupus retinopathy.The mean age of the cases at ophthalmological examination with and without retinopathy was 30.4 and 31.9 years, respectively. The mean serum creatinine level was 190.4 μmol/l which was higher than in the patients without retinopathy (96.2 μmol/l). The mean ESR in patients with retinopathy was higher than without retinopathy (34.2 vs. 32). Similarly, the mean platelet count in SLE patients with retinopathy was 154,245/μl and in SLE patients without retinopathy was 135,828/μl.ConclusionsRetinal lesions in SLE patients are of critical importance, both visually and prognostically.
Highlights
Lupus retinopathy is one of the most common vision-threatening complications of systemic lupus erythematosus
The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of lupus retinopathy, and a comparison of clinical and laboratory findings between two groups was done
Retinopathy is one of the important manifestations of Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which develops with an incidence of 7–26 % [4] of SLE patients, the frequency of the findings varies depending on the patient population being studied and systemic disease activity [12]
Summary
Lupus retinopathy is one of the most common vision-threatening complications of systemic lupus erythematosus. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, autoimmune, connective tissue disorder affecting multiple organ systems often with a relapsing and remitting clinical course. Ocular manifestations are a marker for overall systemic disease activity and can occur in up 1/3rd of all SLE patients. The incidence of retinal involvement in SLE is 7–26 % [2] and is the second most common ocular manifestation after keratoconjunctivitis sicca [3]
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