Role of lipid peroxidation products, plasma total antioxidant status, and Cu-, Zn-superoxide dismutase activity as biomarkers of oxidative stress in elderly prediabetics.

Sylwia Dzięgielewska-Gęsiak,Ewa Wysocka,Sławomir Michalak,Teresa Kokot,Małgorzata Muc-Wierzgoń,Ewa Nowakowska-Zajdel

doi:10.1155/2014/987303

Abstract

The relationship between hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in diabetes is well known, but the influence of metabolic disturbances recognized as prediabetes, in elderly patients especially, awaits for an explanation. Methods. 52 elderly persons (65 years old and older) with no acute or severe chronic disorders were assessed: waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat (FAT), and arterial blood pressure. During an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) fasting (0′) and 120-minute (120′) glycemia and insulinemia were determined, and type 2 diabetics (n = 6) were excluded. Subjects were tested for glycated hemoglobin HbA1c, plasma lipids, total antioxidant status (TAS), thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS), and activity of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD-1). According to OGTT results, patients were classified as normoglycemics, (NGT, n = 18) and prediabetics, (PRE, n = 28). Results. Both groups did not differ with their lipids, FAT, and TBARS. PRE group had higher WC (P < 0.002) and BMI (P < 0.002). Lower SOD-1 activity (P < 0.04) and TAS status (P < 0.04) were found in PRE versus NGT group. Significance. In elderly prediabetics, SOD-1 and TAS seem to reflect the first symptoms of oxidative stress, while TBARS are later biomarkers of oxidative stress.

Highlights

IntroductionHypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia in elderly population are currently widely discussed [3, 4]
In the XXI century an elderly population (65 years old and older) will grow [1, 2]
Normoglycemic and prediabetes groups did not differ in lipid profile and percentage of body fat, but PRE group had higher waist circumference (P < 0.002) and body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.002)

Summary

Introduction

Hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia in elderly population are currently widely discussed [3, 4]. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus suffer from late diabetic complications—atherosclerosis, hypertension, and dyslipidemia [5,6,7]. Among elderly subjects the late diabetic complications are more common. Many studies have been carried out to evaluate markers of free radicalinduced lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in diabetic patients [12]. We know how diabetic hyperglycemia influences oxidant-antioxidant stress parameters [13], but still it is not clear in which way prediabetic hyperglycemia may influence metabolic balance in elderly patients. The oxidative stress may accompany and explain metabolic complications in hyperglycemic persons [14]

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion