Role of Leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor-1 (LAIR-1) as a prognostic marker in Egyptian patients with B-cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Abstract

Abstract Background B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is the most common lymphoproliferative in adults and most patients are diagnosed by flow cytometry. High-risk B-CLL has been shown to lack the expression of (LAIR-1 or CD305), an inhibitor of B-cell receptor-mediated signaling. Aim This study aimed to evaluate the expression of CD305 cell surface in patients with B-cell and its correlation with the clinical and prognostic relevance of the disease. Patients and methods This study was performed on 100 patients newly diagnosed with B-CLL (72 males and 28 females) with a median age of (59 y), who were admitted to the Oncology Center of Mansoura University, in addition to 40 healthy individuals who served as a control group. The detection of CD305 and other CDs was performed using specific monoclonal antibodies on a flow cytometer (BD Bioscience FacsCanto II Flow Cytometer, USA) and was further analyzed using flow software (BD Biosciences). Results CD305 was positively expressed in 58% of B-CLL patients compared with 35% of the control group. It had a significant positive correlation with both Hb level and platelet count (P=0.005 and 0.036 respectively), but showed a significant negative correlation with the WBC count (P=0.005). CD38 expression was significantly higher in the CD305-negative group compared with the CD305-positive group (P=0.04). The expression of CD305 was significantly elevated in low B-CLL stages than in higher stages (P<0.05). Conclusion There was a significant negative correlation between CD305 with WBCS. CD38 was a significantly increased expression in the CD305-negative group compared with the CD305-positive group. The number of cases receiving treatment in the CD305-negative group was higher compared with the CD305-positive group. CD305 expression could be used as simple, reliable, inexpensive independent prognostic factors in B-CLL patients with a valuable predictive role for patients who will initiate chemotherapy early.