Role of Jirga in Social Integration of Rural Farmers with Reference to Disputes Settlement in Water Distribution Practices

Abstract

The present study was conducted in Lower Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, with the intention of learning more about the function of Jirga in fostering social integration through the means of dispute resolution within the farming community with special focus on water distribution practices. The study found that a highly significant association was ascertained between role of Jirga in social integration and water distribution practice statements i.e., water distribution at clan level disrupted water cycle, Jirga allocate water rights among farming and non-farming community, hydrological changes and water lagging resultantly evoked for practicing Jirga, disputes over irrigation water among farming community could be addressed through Jirga, Jirga play role in rehabilitation of irrigation related infrastructure, Jirga maintain the unwritten roles of water distribution among the farming community, water is not stored for future disasters (water stress) for irrigation purposes among farming community, and there are unwritten water distribution rules developed by local community regarding water distribution for irrigation purposes. Thus, a holistic and institutionalized approach is the order of the day by disseminating the role of Jirga among social services providers, farming communities and conflict mediators through print, electronic and social media. Moreover, some micro and macro level policy recommendations were also highlighted based on the present study.