Abstract
Plant growth regulators have an important role in various developmental processes during the life cycle of plants. They are involved in abiotic stress responses and tolerance. They have very well-developed capabilities to sense the changes in their external milieu and initiate an appropriate signaling cascade that leads to the activation of plant defense mechanisms. The plant defense system activation causes build-up of plant defense hormones like jasmonic acid (JA) and antioxidant systems like glutathione (GSH). Moreover, calcium (Ca2+) transients are also seen during abiotic stress conditions depicting the role of Ca2+ in alleviating abiotic stress as well. Therefore, these growth regulators tend to control plant growth under varying abiotic stresses by regulating its oxidative defense and detoxification system. This review highlights the role of Jasmonates, Calcium, and glutathione in abiotic stress tolerance and activation of possible novel interlinked signaling cascade between them. Further, phyto-hormone crosstalk with jasmonates, calcium and glutathione under abiotic stress conditions followed by brief insights on omics approaches is also elucidated.
Highlights
Different environmental conditions turn out to be the cause of stress in plants that tend to affect their growth, development, metabolism, and even cause death (Boguszewska and Zagdanska, 2012)
Jasmonic acid plays a key role in plant regulatory and developmental processes
This review of literature is of the opinion that jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis and signaling is dependent on Ca2+ levels, JA itself can modulate the Ca2+ transients
Summary
Different environmental conditions turn out to be the cause of stress in plants that tend to affect their growth, development, metabolism, and even cause death (Boguszewska and Zagdanska, 2012). It has been found that MeJA has improved the growth and yield characteristics of rice varieties under As toxicity by alleviating oxidative stress through increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes along with ASA–GSH cycle and reducing As accumulation by controlling As transporters (Mousavi et al, 2020). Exogenous application of JA relieved the adverse effect of oxidative stress on biomass production, growth, and protein content in Ni treated plants by further enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes (Azeem, 2018; Mir et al, 2018b). Improved photosynthesis Enhanced photosynthetic performance Reverses stressful effects, leaf ultra-morphology revived Increased Cd detoxifying gene transcript
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