Role of isotropic and anisotropic Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction on skyrmions, merons and antiskyrmions in the C nv symmetric system

Abstract

The lattice Hamiltonian with the presence of a chiral magnetic isotropic Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) in a square and hexagonal lattice is numerically solved to give the full phase diagram consisting of skyrmions and merons in different parameter planes. The phase diagram provides the actual regions of analytically unresolved asymmetric skyrmions and merons, and it is found that these regions are substantially larger than those of symmetric skyrmions and merons. With magnetic field, a change from meron or spin spiral (SS) to skyrmion is seen. The complete phase diagram for the C nv symmetric system with anisotropic DMI is drawn and it is shown that this DMI helps to change the SS propagation direction. Finally, the well-defined region of a thermodynamically stable antiskyrmion phase in the C nv symmetric system is shown.