Abstract
Depression is a common disease that reduces the quality of life and limits seriously patient’s psychosocial functioning. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of hope and resilience in depressive disease outcomes and suicidality. Seven rating scales (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Enhanced Snyder Hope Scale, Scale of Connor and Davidson-10, Scale for Suicide Ideation) have been administered to 75 subjects with the following features: diagnosis of unipolar depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizoaffective disorder reporting a major current depressive episode according to DSM-V criteria, age between 18 and 75 years, no history of drug addiction, major medical condition or mental retardation. An inverse correlation has been found between higher levels of hope and resilience and lower severity of depression (p p = 0.037). Furthermore, an inverse correlation between age and levels of resilience (p = 0.020), an association between age and years of disease (p p < 0.0001) were found. Hope and resilience both seem to have a positive role in the outcome of depressive illness reducing the severity of psychopathology and related suicidality.
Highlights
Depression is a common disease that reduces the quality of life and limits seriously patients’ psychosocial functioning
Seven rating scales (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Enhanced Snyder Hope Scale, Scale of Connor and Davidson-10, Scale for Suicide Ideation) have been administered to 75 subjects with the following features: diagnosis of unipolar depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizoaffective disorder reporting a major current depressive episode according to DSM-V criteria, age between 18 and 75 years, no history of drug addiction, major medical condition or mental retardation
An inverse correlation has been found between higher levels of hope and resilience and lower severity of depression (p < 0.0001) among the sample and higher levels of resilience were associated with lower levels of suicidality (p = 0.037)
Summary
Depression is a common disease that reduces the quality of life and limits seriously patients’ psychosocial functioning. Suicides related to depression mostly occur in elder age and many subjects may report psychotic symptoms (Ganguli & Mulsant, 2002; Vythilingam et al, 2003). IPTS hypothesizes that the absence of hope may lead to the desire for death. Davidson et al hypothesized that higher levels of hope determined lower levels of all three IPTS components (Davidson et al, 2009). They suggested that suicidality in subjects with elevated levels of hope may occur since they may have many aims to reach and report an experience of failure that contributes to capability for suicide
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