Role of genetic variations of chitinase 3-like 1 in bronchial asthmatic patients

Kazuyuki Abe,Makoto Maemondo,Yutaka Nakamura,Kohei Yamauchi

doi:10.1186/s12948-018-0086-7

Kazuyuki Abe, Makoto Maemondo + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12948-018-0086-7

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Abstract

BackgroundSingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) are associated with bronchial severity and pulmonary function. CHI3L1 proteins are involved in both innate and adaptive immune responses; however, to date, the correlation of these SNPs and their age of onset of bronchial asthma has not been demonstrated.MethodsTo address the role of these genetic variations, 390 patients with well-controlled bronchial asthma and living in Japan were recruited, genotyped, and had a pulmonary function test performed on them in this study. To analyze the concentration levels of CHI3L1 protein, bronchial lavage fluids were examined.ResultsForced expiratory volume in one second, %predicted (%FEV1), was significantly decreased in homozygotes of rs1214194 compared to heterozygotes and wild type. The age of onset of adult bronchial asthma was significantly younger in GG homozygotes of rs4950928 and AA homozygotes of rs1214194 than in the other two genotypes. The concentration of CHI3L1 protein in bronchial lavage fluid increased in both homozygotes of rs4950928 and rs1214194.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that the homozygotes of rs4950928 and rs1214194 of CHI3L1 might predict an early onset of bronchial asthma and have the propensity to promote airway remodeling.Trial registration JMA-IIA00045 remodeling-ICS

Highlights

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) are associated with bronchial severity and pulmonary function
We aimed to assess whether variants in the CHI3L1 rs4950928 and rs1214194 genotypes were associated with lung function, the age of onset, and the airway expression of CHI3L1 protein in Japanese adult asthmatic patients
There were no significant differences in age at study enrolment, sex, eosinophil count status, serum IgE concentration, pulmonary

Summary

Introduction

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) are associated with bronchial severity and pulmonary function. CHI3L1 proteins are involved in both innate and adaptive immune responses; to date, the correlation of these SNPs and their age of onset of bronchial asthma has not been demonstrated. Bronchial asthma is a disorder of the conducting airways that leads to variable airflow obstructions in association with airway hyperresponsiveness and a local accumulation of inflammatory cells, Th2-type lymphocytes, eosinophils, and mast cells [1]. Allergens, such as those from mite and fungal exposure, up-regulate adaptive and innate immune responses, leading to the production of proinflammatory and profibrotic factors that may contribute to airway remodeling [2, 3]. We aimed to assess whether variants in the CHI3L1 rs4950928 and rs1214194 genotypes were associated with lung function, the age of onset, and the airway expression of CHI3L1 protein in Japanese adult asthmatic patients

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