Role of Genestein and similar compound in treating Diabetic Nephropathy

Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) comes as a result of prolonged high levels of glucose in diabetic patients. It is diagnosed primarily upon the presence of microalbuminuria (MA). If not controlled, it ultimately leads to end-stage renal disorders (ESRD). Many reports have highlighted the role of genetics and epigenetics including histone modifications in the progression of DN. HDAC inhibitors are now a current research trend and new therapeutic targets. Treatment methods still are not so prevalent in ameliorating DN. The number of side effects associated with synthetic drugs makes researchers look for alternatives that are less toxic. Phytochemicals can be a good alternative to these synthetic drugs as they are relatively safe and have multiple interactive targets. To fish out potent phytochemicals, a thorough review was done on current existing literature and Genistein was chosen. Structurally similar compounds were found by doing structural similarity searches with filter 70%. Top 3 similar compounds were chosen and further docked with human SIRT1 protein. Docking was done to identify potent compound for treating DN and similar binding energies proved that similar compounds may have the potential to ameliorate DN. ADME studies were further done to check what will be the fate of these compounds when administered in the body. In vitro study proved that daidzein and genistein are SIRT1 activators and may be a potential cure for DN.