Abstract
DNA profiling is one of the most dependable and well-organized methods for recognizing bodies or losing body parts in disaster victim identification (DVI). This necessitates the collection of a post-mortem DNA sample and an antemortem DNA sample from the alleged victim or a biological related people. Collecting an acceptable ante mortem sample is usually effortless, but because of the varying degree of preservation of the human remains after any disaster and very high risk of cross-contamination of DNA, obtaining an adequate standard post mortem sample under cold DVI conditions is difficult. Various post mortem DNA samples from a deceased person in DVI can be obtained from muscle, bone including femur and ribs, teeth, and bone marrow with the slightest possibility of contamination.
 DVI (disaster victim identification) has been used to identify deceased people in various famous disasters like the 9/11 attack of the terrorist group al-Qaeda against the United States, Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur that was shot down on 17 July 2014 while flying over eastern Ukraine. All 283 passengers and 15 crew members were killed; the 26/11 attack on Mumbai in 2008 led by terrorist organizations caused 166 deaths, excluding nine terrorists.
 According to Interpol protocol, four steps for identification are given importance:
 1 – Site examination, which lasts for days to weeks.
 2 – Post-mortem data include fingerprints, odontology, DNA profiling and physical indication.
 3 – Ante-mortem data collected from victim houses.
 4 – Reconciliation where specialists identify the victim from the data collected.
Highlights
Human remains may be collected, sampled, preserved, and processed for DNA-based identification due to advances in forensic biology.y DNA profiling is one of the most successful methods for identifying deceased persons in disaster victim identification (DVI).DNA profiling allows for the identification of deceaspersonsson, the reallocation of different parts the of b,ody, the identification of criminals.Duelowerits lower price and high level of unfairness, DNA profiling has booked its place as a universal standard for identifying deceased people in disease tetermshere many casualties had occurred and forensic investigations where leftover parts of humans are substantially fragmented or deteriorated
In situations of extensively disturbed human residues, such as those resulting from bombs or aircraft crashes, forensic anthropologists can make a significant contribution by selecting the most relevant specimens for DNA testing utilizing their expertise in skeletal biology [16,17]
Another tragedy that presents a unique difficulty for DVI groups is large fatalities during a terrorist strike like humans found in the 9/11 attack, and 26/11 were sent to forensic department for identification from DNA samples from bone, mainly femur, ribs, and teeth, along with bone marrow examination
Summary
Human remains may be collected, sampled, preserved, and processed for DNA-based identification due to advances in forensic biology. Y DNA profiling is one of the most successful methods for identifying deceased persons in DVI. DNA profiling allows for the identification of deceaspersonsson, the reallocation of different parts the of b,ody, the identification of criminals. Duelowerits lower price and high level of unfairness, DNA profiling has booked its place as a universal standard for identifying deceased people in disease tetermshere many casualties had occurred and forensic investigations where leftover parts of humans are substantially fragmented or deteriorated. Because the quality of genetic material, i.e., DNA is highly modified by time since death and environmental circumstances, the level of decomposition of human remains can hinder. Choosing the right postmortem (PM) sample can improve the odds of obtaining a DNA profile from polluted human remains. Identification through the visual method has been known to carry a high risk of error, and cremation should be avoided or resisted according to visual method identification given in INTERPOL guidelines [6]
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