Role of FNAC in Non-Metastatic Non Hormonal Neck swellings

Abstract

Background: Neck swelling is one of the common symptoms of a patient coming in ENT department. They require proper evaluation and they could present diagnostic challenge. FNAC is widely acceptable and recognized technique in the diagnosis of head and neck swelling. Aims: The aims of this study are to establish the role of FNAC in benign, non-metastatic, non-hormonal swelling and to determine its accuracy and comparison with HPE (histopathology examination). Material: It is a prospective study of 50 cases that came to ENT department at P.D.U medical college Rajkot. All the patients of neck swelling undergone FNAC after proper clinical evaluation. Results: In this study there were 28 female and 22 male patients with age range of 8-60 years. In our study sensitivity of FNAC was 75% while specificity was 96%. In this study benign lesion of neck was found in 48% which includes pleomorphic adenoma and cystic lesion. Infective etiological factor remain second cause and constitutes for 38% which includes tuberculosis Lymphadenitis, reactive lymphadenitis and siladenitis. Malignant neoplasms constitute 14% which is of primarily origin in the neck includes lymphoma, salivary gland tumors and idiopathic etiology. Conclusion: It is concluded that in this study benign etiological lesions remain first followed by infective and malignant. We conclude that FNAC is safe, easily available and accurate technique, well suited to all neck masses of different causes. It could differentiate benign and malignant lesions very effectively and at very early stage helping us for the management of the patients.