Abstract
We numerically study yielding in two-dimensional glasses which are generated with a very wide range of stabilities by swap Monte-Carlo simulations and then slowly deformed at zero temperature. We provide strong numerical evidence that stable glasses yield via a nonequilibrium discontinuous transition in the thermodynamic limit. A critical point separates this brittle yielding from the ductile one observed in less stable glasses. We find that two-dimensional glasses yield similarly to their three-dimensional counterparts but display larger sample-to-sample disorder-induced fluctuations, stronger finite-size effects, and rougher spatial wandering of the observed shear bands. These findings strongly constrain effective theories of yielding.
Highlights
Amorphous solids encompass a wide variety of systems ranging from molecular and metallic glasses to granular media, including foams, pastes, emulsions, and colloidal glasses
A careful study of yielding in 2D model atomic glasses as a function of preparation is both of fundamental interest and relevant to two-dimensional physical materials, such as dry foams [24], grains [36], or silica glasses [37]. This is what we report in this article, where we consider glass samples that are prepared by optimized swap Monte Carlo simulations [38,39] in a wide range of stability from poorly annealed glasses to very stable glasses and that are sheared through an athermal quasistatic protocol
For the most stable glass considered (Tini = 0.035), we show in Figs. 1(b) and 1(c) the stress-strain curves after averaging over many samples and the so-called “disconnected” susceptibility [30], χdis = N ( σ 2 − σ 2 ), (3)
Summary
Amorphous solids encompass a wide variety of systems ranging from molecular and metallic glasses to granular media, including foams, pastes, emulsions, and colloidal glasses Their mechanical response to a slowly applied deformation exhibits features such as localized plastic rearrangements, avalanche-type motion, the emergence of strain localization, and shear bands [1,2,3,4,5]. Understanding yielding is a central issue in materials science, where one would like to avoid the unwanted sudden failure of deformed glass samples [6]. It is a challenging problem in nonequilibrium statistical physics [1]
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