Abstract
Nowadays, obesity is considered as one of the main concerns for public health worldwide, since it encompasses up to 39% of overweight and 13% obese (WHO) adults. It develops because of the imbalance in the energy intake/expenditure ratio, which leads to excess nutrients and results in dysfunction of adipose tissue. The hypertrophy of adipocytes and the nutrients excess trigger the induction of inflammatory signaling through various pathways, among others, an increase in the expression of pro-inflammatory adipocytokines, and stress of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). A better understanding of obesity and preventing its complications are beneficial for obese patients on two facets: treating obesity, and treating and preventing the pathologies associated with it. Hitherto, therapeutic itineraries in most cases are based on lifestyle modifications, bariatric surgery, and pharmacotherapy despite none of them have achieved optimal results. Therefore, diet can play an important role in the prevention of adiposity, as well as the associated disorders. Recent results have shown that flavonoids intake have an essential role in protecting against oxidative damage phenomena, and presents biochemical and pharmacological functions beneficial to human health. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the anti-inflammatory actions and autophagic flux of natural flavonoids, and their molecular mechanisms for preventing and/or treating obesity.
Highlights
Numerous polyphenolic compounds have been identified in plants of which flavonoids are the most important group
Given the vast number of flavonoid compounds, this review focused, especially especially on those compounds most studied in obesity, like quercetin and epigallocatechin gallate on those compounds most studied in obesity, like quercetin and epigallocatechin gallate (ECGC)
Excessive fat accumulation promotes the saturation of oxidative and storage pathways in adipocytes, producing in such cases a decrease in their reserve capacity and facilitating the flow of lipids to other tissues or organs resulting in the deposition of ectopic fat in visceral deposits, liver, and other cell types
Summary
Numerous polyphenolic compounds have been identified in plants of which flavonoids are the most important group. They play an essential in protecting against of substitution in the different hydroxyls of the molecule This structure supplies them oxidative damage phenomena, and presents biochemical and pharmacological functions beneficial excellent chelation properties of iron and other transitional metals, which provide a great antioxidant to human health. Bioactive compounds have been and continue to be widely studied, and haveantibacterial shown include antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, hepatoprotective effect, activity, an essential role as nutrients, and have an extensive variety of biological actions. These actions antiviral activity, anticancer activity, and antidiabetic activity, among others [3,4].
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