Abstract

Background and Aims: During vascular calcification (VC), a cardiovascular complication of atherosclerosis, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) undergo an osteogenic switch and secrete a heterogeneous population of extracellular vesicles (EVs) involved in inflammation and oxidative stress. The objective of our study is to determine the role and the mechanism of action of EVs in the propagation of inflammation and oxidative stress during VC.

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