Abstract
The role of exosomes and how they act at the tumour site are subjects of growing study. These macrovesicles can be formed by a variety of cell types, including immunological and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In particular, exosome synthesis by tumor cells is crucial because these exosomes can be transported by blood to distant organs and enhance the probability of tumor spread. Exosomes may have tumor-inhibiting effects depending on the kind of tumor and cell source, despite data indicating that they have tumor-promoting qualities. This review seeks to provide a thorough evaluation of exosome biogenesis, composition, and isolation before highlighting current understanding of their function in promoting or inhibiting cancer by paying particular attention to exosomes produced by MSCs (MSC-EXOs).
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