Abstract
Bone-related diseases seriously affect the lives of patients and carry a heavy economic burden on society. Treatment methods cannot meet the diverse clinical needs of affected patients. Exosomes participate in the occurrence and development of many diseases through intercellular communication, including bone-related diseases. Studies have shown that exosomes can take-up and “package” non-coding RNAs and “deliver” them to recipient cells, thereby regulating the function of recipient cells. The exosomal non-coding RNAs secreted by osteoblasts, osteoclasts, chondrocytes, and other cells are involved in the regulation of bone-related diseases by inhibiting osteoclasts, enhancing chondrocyte activity and promoting angiogenesis. Here, we summarize the role and therapeutic potential of exosomal non-coding RNAs in the bone-related diseases osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and bone-fracture healing, and discuss the clinical application of exosomes in patients with bone-related diseases.
Highlights
Bone is one of the most complex tissues in mammals
Recent studies have demonstrated that exosomes secreted by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), osteoclasts, and osteoblasts are involved in the regulation of bone metabolism
The purpose of this review is to demonstrate the role of exosomal non-coding RNAs in bone-related diseases and discuss its potential clinical applications
Summary
Bone is one of the most complex tissues in mammals. It undergoes continuous shaping, remodeling and repair throughout its life cycle to protect vital organs and provide rigid support for the entire body (Long and Ornitz, 2013; Riddle and Clemens, 2017). Recent studies have demonstrated that exosomes secreted by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), osteoclasts, and osteoblasts are involved in the regulation of bone metabolism. Exosomal miRNAs from different cells have been studied extensively in bone-related diseases (Figure 3). Recent studies have demonstrated that such imbalance can be regulated by exosomal ncRNAs. For instance, Sun and co-workers showed that the exosomes secreted by osteoclasts contain miR-214, which was transferred to osteoblasts through Ephrin-A2/Eph-A2 recognition and inhibited osteoblast function (Sun et al, 2016). Chen et al (Chen et al, 2014) identified miR-503-3p in osteoblast-derived exosomes They demonstrated that miR-503-3p could prevent osteoclast differentiation by TABLE 1 | The role of exosomal non-coding RNAs in osteoporosis. MM cells osteoclasts lncRNA RUNX2-AS1 NONMMUT000375.2 NONMMUT071578 lncRNA H19 circ-Rtn modified BMSCs serum samples circ-Rtn hsa_circ_0006859
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
