Role of Estrogen and Progesterone in the Modulation of CNG-A1 and Na+/K+-ATPase Expression in the Renal Cortex

Abstract

The steroid hormones, estrogen and progesterone, are involved mainly in the control of female reproductive functions. Among other effects, estrogen and progesterone can modulate Na⁺ reabsorption along the nephron altering the body’s hydroelectrolyte balance. In this work, we analyzed the expression of cyclic nucleotide-gated channel A1 (CNG-A1) and α1 Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase subunit in the renal cortex and medulla of female ovariectomized rats and female ovariectomized rats subjected to 10 days of 17β-estradiol benzoate (2.0 µg/kg body weight) and progesterone (1.7 mg/kg body weight) replacement. Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity was also measured. Immunofluorescence localization of CNG-A1 in the cortex and medulla was performed in control animals. We observed that CNG-A1 is localized at the basolateral membrane of proximal and distal tubules. Female ovariectomized rats showed low expression of CNG-A1 and low expression and activity of Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase in the renal cortex. When female ovariectomized rats were subjected to 17β-estradiol benzoate replacement, normalization of CNG-A1 expression and Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase expression and activity was observed. The replacement of progesterone was not able to recover CNG-A1 expression and Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase expression at the control level. Only the activity of Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase was able to be recovered at control levels in animals subjected to progesterone replacement. No changes in expression and activity were observed in the renal medulla. The expression of CNG-A1 is higher in cortex compared to medulla. In this work, we observed that estrogen and progesterone act in renal tissues modulating CNG-A1 and Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase and these effects could be important in Na⁺ and water balance.