Abstract
BackgroundDiabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a progressive kidney disease that affects diabetic patients irrespective of glycemic state or hypertension. Therefore, early detection of DKD is of critical importance. Many genome-wide association studies have identified the engulfment and cell motility 1 (ELMO1) gene as a genetic marker linked to DKD. This study aimed to investigate the association between ELMO1 rs741301 gene polymorphism and the development of DKD among Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Allele and genotype frequencies were investigated in 304 subjects by real-time PCR allelic discrimination assay: 100 DKD patients, 102 diabetic patients without DKD, and 102 healthy controls.ResultsGG genotype of ELMO1 (rs741301) SNP and its allele frequencies were significantly high in all diabetic patients. GG genotype had an odds ratio (OR) of 6.095 and 95% confidence interval (CI) of 2.456–15.125, p < 0.001, while the frequent allele G had an OR of 2.366 and 95% CI of 1.450–3.859, p = 0.001. No significant difference was observed between T2DM without DKD and DKD.ConclusionOur results could not establish an association between the ELMO1 rs741301 variant and the progression of DKD.
Highlights
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a progressive kidney disease that affects diabetic patients irrespective of glycemic state or hypertension
The patients were classified according to the diagnostic criteria of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) for diabetic mellitus (DM) and DKD [19] as follows: Group 1 included 100 DKD patients with early morning spot albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) of >30 mg/g creatinine, Group 2 included 102 diabetic patients without DKD and ACR of
Laboratory results (Table 2) showed that FBG, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2-hPPG), and Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) were significantly high in patients (p < 0.001), with no difference between groups 1 and 2 regarding FBG and 2hPPG (p = 0.062 and 0.249, resp.)
Summary
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a progressive kidney disease that affects diabetic patients irrespective of glycemic state or hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the association between ELMO1 rs741301 gene polymorphism and the development of DKD among Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a public health problem threatening the economies of all nations, especially developing countries. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetic mellitus (DM) and is the primary cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which results in high morbidity and mortality [2]. The increases in the mitochondrial generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and in the cellular expression of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) generate apoptosis within renal glomerular cells, which are important effects of hyperglycemia [4]. ROS activate signaling molecules and transcription factors, leading to enhanced expression of cytokines, growth factors, and ECM proteins, macrophage infiltration, and overproduction of leucocyte
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