Role of dipole–dipole interactions in half-field quantum transitions in magnetic nanoparticles

Abstract

In order to better understand the origin of “forbidden” quantum transitions observed in superparamagnetic nanoparticles at low magnetic fields, electron magnetic resonance (EMR) studies have been performed at room temperature on iron oxide nanoparticles assembled inside parallel nanosized channels penetrating the anodic alumina membrane. The positions of both the main resonance and “forbidden” (2Q) transitions observed at the half-field demonstrate the characteristic angular dependence with the line shifts proportional to 3cos 2 θ−1, where θ is the angle between the channel axis and external magnetic field B. This result can be attributed to the inter-particle dipole–dipole interactions within elongated aggregates inside the channels. The angular dependence of the 2Q intensity is found to be proportional to sin 2 θcos 2 θ, that is consistent with the predictions of quantum–mechanical calculations with the account for the mixing of states by non-secular inter-particle dipole–dipole interactions. Good agreement is obtained between different kinds of measurements (magnetization curves, line shifts and 2Q intensity), pointing to possibility of the quantum approach to the magnetization dynamics of superparamagnetic objects.