Abstract
AbstractThe role of a detergent builder in fabric washing formulations is complex because the builder is multifunctional. The primary function of a builder is to counteract the detrimental effects of hardness ions (Ca2+ and Mg2+) which arise in the wash solution not only from the tap water but also from the washload. The need to control the free hardness ion level to 0.1 °FH is well established and is mainly required to release calcium bound soil and prevent further calcium soil interaction during the wash process. The most elegant way of doing this is with a sequestrant. Sodium triphosphate is the preferred material. Measurement of the equilibrium constants of sequestrants with Ca2+/Mg2+/Na+/H+ as a function of temperature and ionic strength allows prediction of free hardness ion levels over a wide range of conditions such as temperature, pH, water hardness, and dosage. Secondary functions such as specific adsorption effects are important, and a true builder will aid not only soil removal but alleviate soil redeposition.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
