Role of Demand Side Management in Residential Distribution Systems with the Integration of Electric Vehicles

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) are being well known because of no emissions and eco-friendly and consequently these are extremely preferred for transportation. Conversely, the increasing demand for EVs results in several challenges in the maintenance of the distribution system. In general, EVs are often charged in residential areas. Due to this uncoordinated EV charging the low voltage (LV) distribution network has to encounter many challenges to sustain for the new load conditions without any power outages and voltage fluctuations. If this impact of EVs on the distribution network is not measured and rectified properly, it leads to the replacement and reinforcement of the distribution system which is pronounced and tedious. This work proposes Demand Side Management (DSM) technique to decrease the hassle in the residential distribution system embedded with EVs. DSM is the best alternative technique for the distribution system to avoid the most awful power peaks. In this paper, the DSM algorithm is proposed and implemented in two cases—when both household and EV loads are shifted and only EV loads are shifted. The corresponding results are presented. The impact of the uncoordinatedly scheduled EV loads has been compared with the outcomes obtained by employing the DSM strategy to a residential distribution system and are discussed corresponding to the stability of the distribution system and end-user contentment.