Role of cytokines and chemokines in neuroinflammatory diseases: possible therapeutic targets?

Abstract

Event Abstract Back to Event Role of cytokines and chemokines in neuroinflammatory diseases: possible therapeutic targets? Carole ROVERE-JOVENE1* 1 CNRS-University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France Inflammation is a key component of host defense responses to infectious agents and injury, but it is also recognized as a major contributor to diverse acute and chronic central nervous system disorders. Inflammatory molecules trigger the recruitment of immune cells to the lesions sites. Accordingly, in acute brain trauma, such as stroke, as well as during chronic affections like multiple sclerosis or Alzheimer’s disease, inflammation occurs in order to clean up the lesion and to limit its area. Nevertheless, prolonged or overwhelming inflammation displays cytotoxic effects, aggravating the severity of the disease. Among molecules produced during inflammation associated to neuronal death, the pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin 6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha and chemokines such Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 seem to be particularly important. Several studies have demonstrated that these inflammatory factors are not only expressed in neuroinflammatory conditions but are also constitutively present in the brain in both glial cells and neurons in physiological conditions. After stroke injury, peripheral blood cells produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, which induce adhesion molecules expression, recruitment of immune cells into the parenchyma and immune and glial cells activation. Therefore, recent studies attribute the detrimental role of cytokines in stroke to their massive increase in plasma, although the potential contribution of neuroinflammation to stroke has not yet been clearly investigated. With respect to chronic neuroinflammation, a critical role of cytokines and chemokines has been established in animal models of multiple sclerosis. Besides, Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by senile plaques surrounded by many activated immune cells producing a large number of inflammatory-related molecules such as cytokines and chemokines. Although considerable data suggest that inflammation contributes to many brain pathologies, and therefore represents a plausible therapeutic target for intervention, the dual potential in promoting beneficial but also detrimental effects complicates the development of therapies. Acknowledgements Acknowledgements: Fondation de la Recherche Médicale and CNRS Keywords: Neuroinflammation, Alzheimer’s disease, Brain Diseases, Cytokines, Chemokines Conference: 4th Conference of the Mediterrarnean Neuroscience Society, Istanbul, Turkey, 30 Sep - 3 Oct, 2012. Presentation Type: Symposium Topic: Abstracts Citation: ROVERE-JOVENE C (2013). Role of cytokines and chemokines in neuroinflammatory diseases: possible therapeutic targets?. Conference Abstract: 4th Conference of the Mediterrarnean Neuroscience Society. doi: 10.3389/conf.fnhum.2013.210.00063 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 22 Mar 2013; Published Online: 11 Apr 2013. * Correspondence: Dr. Carole ROVERE-JOVENE, CNRS-University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Valbonne, 06560, France, rovere@ipmc.cnrs.fr Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Carole ROVERE-JOVENE Google Carole ROVERE-JOVENE Google Scholar Carole ROVERE-JOVENE PubMed Carole ROVERE-JOVENE Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.