Role of Computed Tomography in the Evaluation of Pediatric Retroperitoneal Masses: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Objective: Retroperitoneum is one of the largest spaces in the body. Retroperitoneal (RP) masses are common in paediatric age group and present with vague clinical features. Computed Tomography (CT) is an excellent imaging modality in the evaluation of RP masses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of CT in the detection and characterization of RP masses. Materials and Methods: 28 clinically suspected or sonographically detected RP masses formed the material of the study. Detailed clinical history was elicited from the patients/attendants and findings of general physical examination recorded. Non-contrast and Contrast Enhanced CT was performed and masses were evaluated with respect to site of origin, consistency, components and pattern of enhancement. Probable CT diagnosis was made and findings correlated with pathological/laboratory findings wherever possible. The results were subjected to statistical analysis and expressed as percentages and proportions.Results: Majority of patients were seen in 1-5 years age group with M:F ratio of 1.8:1. Lump abdomen was the commonest presenting feature followed by pain abdomen. Lymph nodal masses were the commonest primary RP space mass while renal masses accounted for the majority of secondary RP masses in our study. Pathological/Laboratory correlation was available in 21 cases and CT was able to differentiate benign and malignant lesions in 95.2% cases. Overall diagnostic accuracy of CT in the evaluation of RP masses was 85.7%. Conclusions: CT is a simple and reliable tool in diagnosing pediatric RP masses with a high diagnostic accuracy.