Role of Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer

Abstract

Introduction. Malignant formations in the ovaries remain a pressing issue in the field of oncology today. Ovarian cancer occupies one of the leading positions in terms of frequency (7th place) and mortality (4th place). The lack of symptoms during the course of the disease is explained by the fact that cancer cells primarily spread through the abdominal cavity, often leading to late-stage disease diagnosis. The prognosis of the disease depends on the stage of the disease, the level of tumor differentiation, the period of recurrence-free survival, and the size of the residual tumor after surgical treatment. Considering these factors, this disease remains of interest to researchers in terms of identifying new prognostic factors for the course of the disease and the possibility of influencing them. Methods. The study is based on the results of observing 139 patients with stage III-IV ovarian cancer. The study and evaluation included the peritoneal cancer index and overall survival. Results. An analysis of two groups of patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy/intraperitoneal chemotherapy and primary cytoreductive surgery was conducted. Peritoneal carcinomatosis was evaluated in the primary patients in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy/intraperitoneal chemotherapy group and the primary cytoreductive surgery group. The average peritoneal cancer index in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy/intraperitoneal chemotherapy group was 21.5 points, and in the primary cytoreductive surgery group, it was 14.3 points. Overall patient survival was calculated, according to the Kaplan-Meier curve, the median overall survival in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy/intraperitoneal chemotherapy group was 24 months, and in the primary cytoreductive surgery group, it was 25 months. Conclusions. The use of contrast-enhanced CT in patients with ovarian cancer is an informative method for diagnosing peritoneal carcinomatosis and allows for the correct diagnosis and planning of treatment tactics. Although interval cytoreductive surgery does not affect the overall survival of patients, it allows for optimal cytoreductive surgery in patients with advanced carcinomatosis.