Role of Clove oil in Cadmium-Induced changes in tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) and Lymphatic tissues of wistar rats

Abstract

BackgroundThymus and bone marrows are vital and primary organs of the lymphoid system and important targets for toxins and chemical agents. ObjectiveThe aim was to study the role of clove oil on Cadmium-induced changes in TNFα and lymphatic tissues of adult Wistar rats. MethodologyTwenty-five rats were assigned into five groups of five rats each. Group 1 (Control) was allowed food and water only; group 2 was given 20 mg/kg of Cadmium chloride (CdCl2); group 3 received 20 mg/kg of CdCl2 with 10 mg/kg of Clove oil (CLO), group 4 received 20 mg/kg of CdCl with 20 mg/kg of CLO while group 5 received 20 mg/kg of CdCl and 20 mg/kg of DMSO. After the experiment, blood, bone marrow, and the thymus were harvested, processed, and analyzed. ResultsThere was a significant decrease in PCV, MCV, and MCH in group 2 compared to the control (p≤0.05). PCV, MCV, and MCH significantly increased in groups 3 and 4. The result of TNFα significantly increased in treated groups 3, 4, and 5 compared to group 2 (p≤0.05). The results showed normal architectural features of the bone marrow and thymus in control, while group 2 showed several structural distortions with many improvements in groups 3, 4, and 5. ConclusionThe study showed that clove oil ameliorated the toxicity associated with CdCl2 by normalizing hematological and immunological parameters.