Role of circulating C-peptide in the Indian population with Type 2 diabetics with nephropathy: A triangular relationship between C-peptide, HbA1C and microalbuminuria

Abstract

C-peptide levels can initially be normal or increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is connected to insulin resistance; however, as the condition progresses, these levels may fall. According to studies, kidney failure has diabetes as its primary cause, accounting for 44% of all new cases. In addition, it's critical to strictly regulate blood sugar levels and lower protein intake. Along with insulin, the pancreas produces a molecule called C-peptide. The hormone insulin regulates the body's glucose levels. A total of 300 subjects divided into 150 CKD progression diabetic nephropathy and 150 non-progressions diabetic nephropathy based on clinical parameter assessment. All patients had their body weight and body mass index (BMI) assessed. Fasting serum C peptide, HbA1C, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, urine albumin, and creatinine were among the laboratory tests performed. Using the MDRD algorithm, creatinine clearance was determined from serum creatinine value. The parameters were statistically compared with respective subjects. The small case-control study found a no relationship between serum C-peptide levels and both microalbuminuria and HbA1C. Risk of microalbuminuria may be higher in patients with low serum C peptide levels. In patients with T2DM, replacing C-peptide and administering insulin may be useful. The possibility that C-peptide may play a part in the prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy will need to be investigated in studies including longer-term C-peptide administration.