Role of Chlorophytum Borivilianum extract against Doxorubicin- induced Myocardial Toxicity in Albino Rats: Insilico and Invivo studies

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The anthracycline derivative, doxorubicin is a cytotoxic agent with proven efficacy in various malignancies such as breast cancer, acute leukemia etc. The clinical usefulness has been limited due to its dose dependent cardiac toxicity. Our objective was to evaluate the role of Chlorophytum borivilianum L. on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats and to predict the effect of Chlorophytum borivilianum L. by in-silico and in vivo methods. In-vitro studies were conducted on Chlorophytum borivilianum L. Cardiotoxicity was produced by cumulative administration of x doxorubicin (Dox-15 mg/kg ip.for two weeks). Ethanolic extract and fractions of Chlorophytum borivilianum L. (250 and 500 mg/kg, p.o) were administered as pretreatment for two weeks followed by Doxorubicin 2.5 mg/kg i.p. on alternative day for two weeks. The parameters such as body weight, food and water intake, cardiac specific markers like creatine kinase (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and cardiac Troponin-I (cTnl), ECG changes, antioxidant parameters like superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) were monitored. Heart histopathological studies were also carried out to evaluate myocardial toxicity. As a result of Dox treatment, cardiomyopathy develops, which is characterised by an increase in cardiac biomarkers and a deficiency in antioxidant enzymes. By lowering the elevated levels of biomarker enzymes like LDH and CK-MB and the absence of cTnI, pretreatment with the EECB (500mg/kg) significantly protected the myocardium from the toxic effects of Dox. Additionally, the EECB increased the reduced levels of GSH, SOD, and CAT while decreasing the elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in cardiac tissue.