Abstract

The relative contributions of the catalytic reaction and thermal cracking in the hydrocracking of heavy oil were evaluated in detail. It is concluded that light oil fractions are formed mainly by thermal cracking and the main role of the catalyst is to supply hydrogen to the heavy oil fraction and prevent its carbonization. The behavior of sulfur and nitrogen in hydrocracking without a catalyst was clarified. Sulfur transfers to both light and heavy fractions, but nitrogen transfers to asphaltene and the benzene-insoluble fraction and practically no nitrogen transfers to the light oil fraction.

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