Role of CA-125 and ultrasound in early prediction of outcome of threatened miscarriage

Abstract

Objective The aim was to study the role of serum cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) and ultrasound in early prediction of outcome of threatened miscarriage. Background Threatened abortion is a clinically descriptive term applied to women who are less than 24 weeks of gestation having vaginal spotting or bleeding, closed cervical, and possibly mild uterine cramps. Patients and methods A prospective case–control study was conducted on 80 pregnant women at 6–12 weeks attending the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of El-Menoufia University Hospital Mit-Ghamer General Hospital during the period from January 2017 to February 2018. A total of 40 women had symptoms of threatened miscarriage and 40 had apparently healthy pregnancy as controls. Serum CA-125 was assayed by Cobas410 full auto motion method, and they were followed up till 20 weeks of gestational age. Results A total of 80 pregnant women were recruited in the study and were divided into two groups: group I (40 with threatened miscarriage) and group II (40 controls). Serum CA-125 was significant higher in group I, and it was significantly higher in women who developed miscarriage than those who continued their pregnancy till 20 weeks. Using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, optimal cutoff criteria of CA-125 of greater than 30.3 IU/ml for prediction of occurrence of miscarriage in patients with threatened miscarriage would be established with sensitivity of 100% and specificity 98.6%. Conclusion Maternal serum CA-125, as well as ultrasound seems to be a promising biomarker for the early prediction of pregnancy outcome in threatened miscarriage.