Abstract
We amplified gene sequences from Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia garinii, B. valaisiana, B. turdi, Rickettsia monacensis, R. helvetica, R. sibirica sibirica, and Rickettsia spp. (including Candidatus Rickettsia vini) in ticks removed from birds in Spain. The findings support the role of passerine birds as possible dispersers of these tick-borne pathogens.
Highlights
We amplified gene sequences from Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia garinii, B. valaisiana, B. turdi, Rickettsia monacensis, R. helvetica, R. sibirica sibirica, and Rickettsia spp. in ticks removed from birds in Spain
As carriers of infected ticks, birds could be responsible for the spread of tick-borne bacteria that cause human anaplasmosis, Lyme disease, rickettsioses, and other diseases [4]
Multiple studies support the conclusion or propose the hypothesis that birds play a role as reservoirs of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia burgdorferi, and Rickettsia spp. [4,5,6]
Summary
We amplified gene sequences from Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia garinii, B. valaisiana, B. turdi, Rickettsia monacensis, R. helvetica, R. sibirica sibirica, and Rickettsia spp. (including Candidatus Rickettsia vini) in ticks removed from birds in Spain. Multiple studies support the conclusion or propose the hypothesis that birds play a role as reservoirs of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia burgdorferi, and Rickettsia spp. Phylogenetic and molecular evolutionary analyses were conducted by using MEGA4 (16 in online Technical Appendix, wwwnc.cdc.gov/EID/pdfs/11-1777Techapp1.pdf). We named it Candidatus Rickettsia vini (17 in online Technical Appendix) (Table 2).
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