Abstract
Autophagy is a universal catabolic process preserved in eukaryotes from yeast to plants and mammals. The main purpose of autophagy is to degrade cytoplasmic materials within the lysosome/vacuole lumen and generate an internal nutrient pool that is recycled back to the cytosol during nutrient stress. Here, Fusarium oxysporum was utilized as a model organism, and we found that autophagy assumes an imperative job in affecting the morphology, development, improvement and pathogenicity of F. oxysporum. The search of autophagy pathway components from the F. oxysporum genome database recognized putative orthologs of 16 core autophagy-related (ATG) genes of yeast, which additionally incorporate the ubiquitin-like protein atg22. Present study elucidates the unreported role of Foatg22 in formation of autophagosomes. The deletion mutant of Foatg22 did not demonstrate positive monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining, which exposed that Foatg22 is required for autophagy in F. oxysporum. Moreover, the ∆Foatg22 strains exhibited a decrease in hyphal development and conidiation, and reduction in pathogenicity on potato tubers and leaves of potato plant. The hyphae of ∆Foatg22 mutants were less dense when contrasted with wild-type (WT) and overexpression (OE) mutants. Our perceptions demonstrated that Foatg22 might be a key regulator for the control of dry rot disease in tuber and root crops during postharvest stage.
Highlights
The fungus Fusarium oxysporum is the most common pathogen infection of tubers and roots [1], which causes Fusarium wilting at the planting stage and dry rot at the storage stage, impacting its nutritive and economic value [2,3]
In rich (Figure S4C,D, Supplementary these results revealed autophagy is important nutrient for media, after 14indays in solid and after two days in liquid media, the mycelium formation recovered micro conidia were significantly reduced in the deletion mutant compared to the wild type (Figure 3C,D) Likewise, in nutrient-rich media and in minimal media, the deletion mutant produced fewer micro conidia compared to the wild-type strain
A number of studies were carried out to explore the role of autophagy-related genes in filamentous fungi Colletotrichum orbiculare, Fusarium oxysporum, and Magnaporthe oryza, [12,17,18]
Summary
The fungus Fusarium oxysporum is the most common pathogen infection of tubers and roots [1], which causes Fusarium wilting at the planting stage and dry rot at the storage stage, impacting its nutritive and economic value [2,3]. This fungus can cause severe reductions in crop yield, often estimated between 6% and 25% annually throughout the world. The pathogen penetrates the tissues such as roots, tubers, and leaves through wounds and induces rot infection. With the passage of time, the old leaves become yellow or
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