Role of anisotropy in noncontacting thermoelectric materials characterization

Abstract

Inclusions and other types of imperfections in metals can be nondestructively detected by noncontacting magnetic measurements that sense the thermoelectric currents that appear when the specimen is subjected to directional heating and cooling. The detectability of small imperfections is ultimately limited by the intrinsic thermoelectric anisotropy and inhomogeneity of the material to be inspected. This article presents an analytical method for calculating the magnetic field produced by thermoelectric currents in anisotropic materials under two-dimensional directional heating and cooling. Experimental results from a textured Ti–6Al–4V titanium-alloy plate are shown to be in very good agreement with the predictions of this model. The described analytical method can be used to optimize thermoelectric inspection procedures and to evaluate the macroscopic texture of metals from their characteristic magnetic signatures.