ROLE OF ANEMIAAS AN ETIOLOGICAL FACTOR AND PRBC TRANSFUSION AS A PREVENTIVE MEASURE AMONG CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO ICU RELATED MORBIDITY.

Abstract

The World Health Organization (WHO) denes anemia as a hemoglobin <13 g dl for adult males and <12 g dl for adult non pregnant females. Anemia of Chronic Disease (ACD) refers to hemoglobin <12 g/dl associated with chronic infections and inammatory disorders and malignancies. Anemia is a commonly encountered clinical problem in the critically ill. Ninety-ve percent of critically ill patients who stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) for 72 hours or greater suffer from anemia and approximately 40% of them receive packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusions. Aim Of The Study: To study the role of anemia as a morbidity factor in critically ill patients admitted in ICU and PRBC transfusion role in morbidity at a tertiary care Hospital. Method: It was a prospective observational study carried out over a period of one year from JAN 2021 TO JAN 2022. The study was carried out in the department of General Medicine, MAMS, Hyderabad. Total of 100 participants were included in this study. Both the sex was considered. Written informed consent form was taken from all the participants' included in this study. The data is stored in MS Excel spreadsheet and statistical analysis performed using open source 'R' programming language. Result: In this study 72 patients (72%) had fever and 30 patients were Pale, 29 patients with pedal edema and 6 patients are with icterus. 48(48%) patients had diabetes mellitus, 34(34%) patients had hypertension, 12 patients had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 8 patient's hypothyroidism, and 21 (13%) patients ischemic heart disease. Conclusion: Anemia cause is multifactorial. Available treatments for critically ill patients are not sufcient, therefore RBC transfusion must be done to prevent it.