Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) increases cardiovascular risk. The role of thyroid hormone on components of MS is unclear. We analyzed a sample of 4733 euthyroid subjects from SardiNIA study. In female thyrotropin (TSH) was significantly and positively associated with triglycerides (Standardized regression coefficients (β) = 0.081, p < 0.001). Free thyroxine (FT4) was positively associated with HDL (β = 0.056, p < 0.01), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (β = 0.059, p < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (β = 0.044, p < 0.01), and fasting glucose (β = 0.046, p < 0.01). Conversely, FT4 showed a negative association with waist circumference (β = −0.052, p < 0.001). In TSH was positively associated with triglycerides (β = 0.111, p < 0.001) and FT4 showed a positive association with DBP (β = 0.51, p < 0.01). The addition of leptin and adiponectin to the regression models did not substantially change the impact of thyroid hormones on components of MS. Our data suggest that, even within the euthyroid range, excess of truncal adipose tissue is associated with variations in FT4. Leptin and adiponectin exert an additive effect rather than a causal effect. Additional studies should be performed to determine the clinical significance of this finding.
Highlights
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterized by a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors, which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) [1,2,3]
In this study we aimed to clarify the relation between normal thyroid function, leptin and adiponectin with components of MS using a large cohort of euthyroid subjects from the general population
In male, only diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was associated with FT4, while TSH was associated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and triglycerides
Summary
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterized by a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors, which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) [1,2,3]. A clinical definition of the MS has been developed in the last two decades with the purpose of identifying those individuals at increased risk of these diseases in order to put in place preventive measures that can reduce this risk [4] These risk factors include impaired glycemia, raised blood pressure, elevated triglyceride levels, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (HDL) and abdominal obesity (which is highly correlated with insulin resistance). Evidences suggest that disorders of the thyroid gland are associated with alterations in lipid metabolism, blood pressure, and increased cardiovascular risk [9,10]. MS has been associated with subclinical thyroid disease in adults due to the effect of thyroid function on cardiovascular dysfunction, lipid and glucose metabolism, and blood pressure [12]. Leptin-adiponectin ratio (l/a) emerged as a good predictor of MS and type 2 diabetes, stronger than leptin and adiponectin alone [22]
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