Role of Adenylate Cyclase in Presynaptic α2‐Adrenoceptor‐ and μ‐Opioid Receptor‐Mediated Inhibition of [3H]Noradrenaline Release from Rat Brain Cortex Slices

Abstract

Rat brain cortex slices, prelabelled with [3H]noradrenaline, were superfused and exposed to electrical biphasic block pulses (1 Hz; 12 mA, 4 ms) or to the Ca2+ ionophore A 23187 (10 microM) in the presence of 1.2 mM Ca2+. Forskolin (10 microM), 8-bromo-cyclic AMP (300 microM), and dibutyryl-cyclic AMP (300 microM) facilitated both the electrically evoked and A 23187-induced [3H]noradrenaline release, whereas the phosphodiesterase inhibitors 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX, 300 microM) and 4-(3-cyclopentyloxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-pyrrolidone (ZK 62771, 30 microM) enhanced the electrically evoked release only. The inhibitory effects of clonidine (1 nM-1 microM) and the facilitatory effect of phentolamine (0.01-10 microM) on the electrically evoked [3H]noradrenaline release were strongly reduced in the presence of 8-bromo-cyclic AMP. Clonidine (1 microM) reduced and phentolamine (3 microM) enhanced A 23187-induced [3H]noradrenaline release, provided that the slices were simultaneously exposed to forskolin. The inhibitory effects of morphine (1 microM) and [D-Ala2-D-Leu5]enkephalin (DADLE, 0.3 microM), like that of the Ca2+ antagonist Cd2+ (15 microM), on the electrically evoked release of [3H]noradrenaline were not affected by 8-bromo-cyclic AMP. Moreover, morphine and DADLE did not inhibit A 23187-induced release in the absence or presence of forskolin. These data strongly suggest that in contrast to presynaptic mu-opioid receptors, alpha 2-adrenoceptors on noradrenergic nerve terminals are negatively coupled to adenylate cyclase and may thus reduce neurotransmitter release by inhibiting the feed-forward action of cyclic AMP on the secretion process.