Abstract

One way herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) spreads in vivo is by polykaryocytes formation. Here we demonstrate that polykaryocyte production during HSV-1 spread in cultured human corneal fibroblasts (CF) required heparan sulfate (HS) and more specifically 3- O sulfated HS (3- OS HS). The polykaryocyte formation heavily depended on the expression of HS on target (CF) cells but not on glycoprotein expressing effector cells. Furthermore, we provide the first visual evidence of 3- OS HS and HSV-1 gD colocalization during the membrane fusion process. Taken together our results provide novel insight into the significance of HS in polykaryocyte formation.

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