Abstract
Understanding the interplay of the positive and negative regulators of the immune system in sarcomagenesis will be crucial to identifying approaches to use immunotherapies for this rare and heterogeneous group of diseases. In this chapter, we explore the known role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in creating an immunosuppressive state in the tumor microenvironment. We highlight current issues with properly defining this heterogeneous continuum of cells with apparent context dependent phenotypic plasticity. Some of the known direct and indirect effects of MDSCs on immune effector cells are explored and several strategies aimed at inhibiting this immunosuppressive cellular compartment in model systems are examined. Further research is required to better characterize and understand the function of MDSCs and to study them in the human condition.
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