Rol de enfermería en la prevención del delirium en ancianos hospitalizados con fractura de cadera: Recomendaciones generales

Abstract

A bibliographical revision of Literature is done in the main biomedical databases to identify which are the modifiable or controllable risk factors in elderly hospitalized with hip fracture, susceptible to suffer delirium, and to create a Plan of Action of Recommendations of Infirmary from the admission to the discharge in the unit, basing ourselves on the prevention, in order to promote the reduction in the frequency and unfavourable consequences of the delirium. They are few and with great numerical disparity the obtained results between the different works that study the effectiveness to adopt environmental measures like strategies in the prevention of the delirium. The taken actions to aim, in ace of the prevention, are fundamentally those that control the risk factors such as: the mental and physical deterioration, immobility, visual and auditory disability, dehydration, undernourishment, disorientation, deprivation of the dream, polypharmacy and pain. The delirium is not given the importance that requires in spite of its high frequency and the biological, psychological, social and economic impact in the patient and his/her environment. The prevention is the most effective and economic measure to approach the delirium in his/her starting phase and the nursery contributes to a great extent in this work. The elderly hospitalized with hip fracture are patients of high risk due to the great number of risk factors added to its clinical situation and context. It would be interesting in other future investigations to value the effectiveness of the recommendations offered in this revision.