Abstract
Today, it is well known that small airborne particles are very harmful to human health. For the first time in Hawaii we have conducted an environmental pilot study of fine magnetic particles on the island of Oahu, Hawaii, of particulate matter (PM) PM = 60, PM = 10, and PM = 2.5. In order to do a rock magnetic characterization we have performed low field susceptibility vs. temperature [k-T] experiments to determine the Curie points of small particles collected from exhaust pipes, as well as from brake pads of four different types of car engines using gasoline octane ratings of 87, 89, and 92. The Curie point determinations are very well defined and range from 292°C through 393°C and up to 660°C. In addition, we have conducted magnetic granulometry experiments on raw tobacco, burnt tobacco ashes, as well as on automotive engine exhaust, and brake pads in question. The results of the experiments show ferro and ferrimagnetic hysteresis loops with magnetic grain sizes ranging from superparamagnetic-multidomain [SP-MD], multidomain [MD] and pseudo-single domain [PSD] shown on the modified Day et al., diagram of Dunlop (2002). Thus far, the results we have obtained from this pilot study are in agreement with other studies conducted from cigarette ashes from Bulgaria. Our results could be correlated to the traffic-related PM in Rome, Italy where the SP fraction mainly occurs as coating of MD particles originated by localized stress in the oxidized outer shell surrounding the un-oxidized core of magnetite-like grains. All these magnetic particles have been reported to be very harmful to our human bodies (i.e. brain, lungs, heart, liver etc.).
Highlights
Airborne pollution is an ever-increasing issue and cause for numerous human health conditions such as respiratory and cardiovascular ailments
The aim of this study is to investigate the magnetic properties of traffic-produced airborne particulate matter (PM) and by raw tobacco and burnt ashes of cigarettes (e.g. Jordanova et al, 2006; Sagnotti & Winkler, 2012), for the first time in the city Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
Magnetic granulometry from hysteresis experiments Magnetic hysteresis measurements were performed on very small particles sampled from vehicles, cigarettes and their ashes in order to determine their hysteresis properties and eventually their magnetic grain sizes
Summary
Airborne pollution is an ever-increasing issue and cause for numerous human health conditions such as respiratory and cardiovascular ailments. Prominent in our urban areas, airborne pollution consists of a wide array of particulate sizes and compositions. An often overlooked aspect of our daily lives is our contribution to airborne pollution. The simple act of driving one’s vehicle creates a plethora of airborne pollutants and these pollutants are often magnetized. Our vehicle does not make gasoline vanish. Our brake pads and our tires do not disappear either. These wearable items contain metals that are slowly ground down through normal use contributing to airborne pollution. Even the act of smoking a cigarette can contribute to magnetic particulates in the air
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