Abstract
Adaptive array beamforming achieves high resolution and sidelobe suppression by producing sharp nulls in the adaptive beampattern when using sample matrix inversion (SMI). Large aperture sonar arrays with many elements have small resolution cells and interferers may move through many resolution cells in the time required for accumulating a full-rank sample covariance matrix. In addition, longer duration snapshots are required due to the longer transit time across the array. This leads to ‘‘snapshot deficient’’ processing. In this paper, the null broadening technique originally developed for an ideal stationary problem is extended to the snapshot deficient problem arising from nonstationarity of the background interference. Null broadening allows the strong interferers to move through resolution cells and increases the number of degrees of freedom, thereby improving the detection of weak stationary signals. Numerical simulations demonstrate the robustness of the null broadening approach.
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