Abstract

Modern adaptive image steganography with minimizing a distortion function has high performance of undetectability. However, when an image with hidden information is attacked by JPEG compression, its robustness cannot be guaranteed, that remarkably limits its extension from the lab to the real world. In this paper, a novel image steganographic algorithm is proposed that is robust to JPEG compression. First, by using the sign of DCT coefficients, that remains unchangeable before and after JPEG compression, we select the candidate coefficients for resisting JPEG compression. Second, the designed distortion function assigns cost for each candidate DCT coefficient. Finally, relying on both error correction code and Syndrome-Trellis Codes, an encoded message is embedded into the cover image with minimum embedding distortion. Compared with prior arts, extensive experimental results highlight both undetectability and robustness of our proposed algorithm.

Highlights

  • Steganography is an application of undetectable transmission of secret information in a carrier [1], [2]

  • To enrich the traditional framework of image steganography, we novelly propose the general practical application of robust steganography, and mainly analyze the distinguishable characteristics among robust steganography, adaptive steganography, and robust watermarking

  • To overcome the limitations of prior arts, based on the sign of DCT coefficients, we propose a novel embedding scheme for robust steganography, which improves the performance of both JPEG compression resistance and undetectability

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Summary

Introduction

Steganography is an application of undetectable transmission of secret information in a carrier [1], [2]. Digital image is the most popular media on the Internet and the ideal carrier for hiding message, the focus of multimedia forensics (see [3]–[9] for instance). Image steganography has made great progress in recent years.. Images cannot always be lossless during transmission. In the practical scenario, such as being transmitted on social network, most of modern steganographic methods cannot correctly extract the secret message embedded in the image. Because images probably have been compressed on the server provider. In this context, it is very meaningful to design a steganographic algorithm that can resist JPEG compression

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