Abstract
A new robust scheduling method for pumping water in a water distribution system under the uncertainty of activating regulation reserves is proposed in this paper. During the operation of power systems, utilizing the energy equipment of the customer to enhance supply-demand control is attracting attention. Because water pumps have been already installed, they can be regarded as a relatively inexpensive, operational, and flexible resource. Changes in the operation of the water pump can contribute to the power supply and demand control. The proposed method helps generate a robust daily schedule for pumping water and provides regulation reserves under the uncertainty of activating regulation reserves. It is based on electric energy prices and regulation reserves, hourly water demand profiles, and the properties of water flow quantity and the electricity consumption of water pumps. This method comprises an optimization model formulated using mixed integer linear programming, validated through simulations of water pumping scheduling under certain scenarios. The results indicate that the net operational cost decreased when water pumps provided regulation reserves; further, the operational feasibility of providing these reserves from water pumps is clarified. The proposed model makes it possible to optimize power system operation that integrates the water supply system.
Highlights
Water supply is an essential public infrastructure in modern society
The solid red, dashed blue, and dashed green lines indicate the planned power consumption of the water pump, when upward regulation reserve capacity provided to the power system is fully activated, and when downward regulation reserve capacity provided to the power system is fully activated, respectively
The solid red, dashed blue, and dashed green lines indicate the planned power consumption of the water pump, when upward regulation reserve capacity provided to the power system is fully activated and when downward regulation reserve capacity provided to the power system is fully activated, respectively
Summary
Water supply is an essential public infrastructure in modern society. The electricity consumption of water supply projects in Japan accounts for about 1% of the annual electricity consumption of the country [1]. We previously proposed an optimal operational planning model for water pumping in water distribution systems [20] This model can shift the electricity demand based on electrical energy price and provide regulation reserves for the power system. By using a robust planning model, even when the provided regulation reserves are randomly activated during a period of time, the reservoir will never be full or empty, and a stable water supply can be expected Against this background, this paper proposes a robust optimal operational planning model for water pumps in a scenario where the activation of the regulation reserves provided to the power system is uncertain. The proposed model, formulated as an MILP, aims to minimize the net cost by combining the cost of electricity required for the operation of the water pump and the revenue for providing the regulation reserves to the power system. The simplified system described above is studied; a physically detailed modeling of the water distribution network is not done in this study
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