Abstract
Fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) is an emerging tool for biomedical research. There are two factors that influence FMT reconstruction most effectively. The first one is regularization techniques. Traditional methods such as Tikhonov regularization suffer from low resolution and poor signal to noise ratio. Therefore, sparse regularization techniques have been introduced to improve the reconstruction quality. The second factor is the illumination pattern. A better illumination pattern ensures the quantity and quality of the information content of the data set, thus leading to better reconstructions. In this work, we take advantage of the discrete formulation of the forward problem to give a rigorous definition of an illumination pattern as well as the admissible set of patterns. We add restrictions in the admissible set as different types of regularizers to a discrepancy functional, generating another inverse problem with the illumination pattern as unknown. Both inverse problems of reconstructing the fluorescence distribution and finding the optimal illumination pattern are solved by efficient iterative algorithms. Numerical experiments have shown that with a suitable choice of regularization parameters, the two-step approach converges to an optimal illumination pattern quickly and the reconstruction result is improved significantly regardless of the initial illumination setting.
Highlights
1.1 BackgroundFluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) is a medical imaging technique with high sensitivity, noninvasiveness and low cost
Our work focuses on improving the quality of the reconstructed three-dimensional fluorescence distribution from two aspects
We start with a complete theoretical analysis of the diffusion equation that describes the physical processes of FMT and the discrete formulation of the equation systems
Summary
1.1 BackgroundFluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) is a medical imaging technique with high sensitivity, noninvasiveness and low cost. The previously injected fluorescence dye will be excited, absorbs the radiation at wavelength λe and re-emits as a source at a longer wavelength λf [3] Such a physical procedure can be explained as follows. Excited electron will soon relax back to ground state, losing some of its energy and sending out another photon with a longer wavelength (Stoke’s shift) and less intensity. Measurements taken at both excitation and emission processes are made by a CCD camera such that information from every corner is recorded, which is equivalent to having point detectors densely distributed on the object surface
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