Robust Optimal Dispatch, Secondary, and Primary Reserve Allocation for Power Systems With Uncertain Load and Generation

Abstract

Robust optimal dispatch, secondary, and primary reserve for power systems is considered in this paper based on a novel robust formulation of the well-known power flow optimization. The uncertainty of power generation and load at the power system buses is modeled as nominal, expected power supply and demand, uncertain load and generation variations, as well as tunable dispatch, secondary, and primary reserves. The power transmission between the buses is modeled with algebraic, linearized power flow equations. The challenge is how to distribute dispatch as well as secondary and primary reserve at minimal cost, such that the power flow satisfies certain constraints even after unknown but bounded load and generation variations. These constraints reflect among others the maximal steady-state frequency deviation and the loading limits of the individual power lines. The resulting optimization problem is reformulated to different linear programming problems that can be solved efficiently even for very large systems. The applicability is shown for different IEEE test bus systems.