Abstract
Due to the unbalanced three-phase loads, the single-phase distributed photovoltaic (PV) integration, the long feeders, and the heavy loads in a three-phase four-wire low voltage distribution network (LVDN), the voltage unbalance factor (VUF), the network loss and the voltage deviation are relatively high. Considering the uncertain fluctuation of the PV output and the load power, a robust optimal allocation of decentralized reactive power compensation (RPC) devices model for a three-phase four-wire LVDN is proposed. In this model, the uncertain variables are described as box uncertain sets, the three-phase simultaneous switching capacity and single-phase independent switching capacity of the RPC devices are taken as decision variables, and the objective is to minimize the total power loss of the LVDN under the extreme scenarios of uncertain variables. The bi-level optimization method is used to transform the robust optimization model with uncertain variables into bi-level deterministic optimization models, which could be solved alternately. The nonlinear programming solver IPOPT in the mature commercial software GAMS is adopted to solve the upper and lower deterministic optimization models to obtain a robust optimal allocation scheme of decentralized RPC devices. Finally, the simulation results for an actual LVDN show that the obtained decentralized RPC scheme can ensure that the voltage deviation and the VUF of each bus satisfied the secure operation requirement no matter how the PV output and load power changed within their own uncertain sets, and the network loss could be effectively reduced.
Highlights
To ensure the easy integration of three-phase loads and single-phase loads, low-voltage distribution networks (LVDNs) in China generally use the three-phase four-wire wiring mode
The main contributions of this paper are twofold: (1) A robust optimization model is established for the decentralized allocation of reactive power compensation (RPC) devices in a three-phase four-wire LVDN considering the uncertainty of the PV output and load power
To improve the robustness of the decentralized RPC scheme and improve the quality of voltage the LVDN, we further considered the uncertain fluctuation of the load power and the PV output for in the LVDN, we further considered the uncertain fluctuation of the load power and the PV output the optimization calculation
Summary
To ensure the easy integration of three-phase loads and single-phase loads, low-voltage distribution networks (LVDNs) in China generally use the three-phase four-wire wiring mode. The main contributions of this paper are twofold: (1) A robust optimization model is established for the decentralized allocation of RPC devices in a three-phase four-wire LVDN considering the uncertainty of the PV output and load power. This model can simultaneously optimize the installation position, three-phase simultaneous switching capacity, and single-phase independent switching capacity of RPC devices. The rest of this study is organized as follows: Section 2 introduces the model of the network elements in three-phase four-wire LVDNs. Section 3 introduces the robust optimal allocation model of decentralized RPC devices considering the uncertainty of the PV output and the load power.
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