Abstract
Preparation of polymer monoliths from the coagulation of particles, synthesized by soap-free emulsion polymerisation, using water as the only solvent.
Highlights
View Article OnlineRobust open cellular porous polymer monoliths made from cured colloidal gels of latex particles†
The triethyl(4-vinylbenzyl)ammonium chloride (TEVBAC) cationic co-monomer was synthesised using the Menschutkin reaction between 4-vinylbenzyl chloride and triethylamine as reagents based on a method for the synthesis of trimethylammonium chloride (TMVBAC)[57] as follows: 4-vinylbenzyl chloride (1.00 g, 6.55 × 10−3 mol) and triethylamine (1.99 g, 19.7 × 10−3 mol) were added to a 50 mL round bottom flask containing acetone (5 mL)
The polymer latexes had characteristic low particle size dispersities, and possessed an average particle diameter in the order of 100 nm (Table 1), with A01 having an average diameter of 80 ± 10 nm by SEM and 109 ± 1 nm by dynamic light scattering (DLS), while V01 had an average diameter of 130 ± 20 nm by SEM and 172.5 ± 0.4 by DLS
Summary
Robust open cellular porous polymer monoliths made from cured colloidal gels of latex particles†. The coagulation of oppositely charged latexes, prepared from the soap-free emulsion polymerisation of styrene using water as the reaction medium, resulted in the obtainment of colloidal gels that were porous in nature and held together by electrostatic interactions. Chemical crosslinking, involving the introduction of a water-soluble crosslinker, resulted in the obtainment of stronger chemical bonds between particles affording a rigid porous material known as a monolith. In a simpler approach, these materials could be prepared using a single latex where the addition of ammonium persulfate both resulted in the formation of the colloidal gel and initiated the crosslinking process. All gels obtained in this work were highly mouldable and retained their shape, which allowed for a range of formats to be prepared without the requirement of a mould
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