Abstract
To protect the patient information in medical images, this article proposes a robust watermarking algorithm for medical images based on Harris-SURF-DCT. First, the corners of the medical image are extracted using the Harris corner detection algorithm, and then, the previously extracted corners are described using the method of describing feature points in the SURF algorithm to generate the feature descriptor matrix. Then, the feature descriptor matrix is processed through the perceptual hash algorithm to obtain the feature vector of the medical image, which is a binary feature vector with a size of 32 bits. Secondly, to enhance the security of the watermark information, the logistic map algorithm is used to encrypt the watermark before embedding the watermark. Finally, with the help of cryptography knowledge, third party, and zero-watermarking technology, the algorithm can embed the watermark without modifying the medical image. When extracting the watermark, the algorithm can extract the watermark from the test image without the original image. In addition, the algorithm has strong robustness to conventional attacks and geometric attacks. Especially under geometric attacks, the algorithm performs better.
Highlights
With the rapid development of information technology and medical imaging technology, the number of medical images is increasing at an alarming rate [1,2,3]
Patient data such as current and past disease information, medical images, and drug information can be stored in electronic medical records (EMR) [8]. e sharing of patients’ medical data is possible through the Internet, and they can be used for services such as disease identification and remote diagnosis [9,10,11]
Ey use Intermediate Significant Bit Substitution (ISBS) to embed information such as patient’s medical data and can effectively avoid LSB replacement attacks; Balasamy and Ramakrishnan [24] proposed a reversible watermarking algorithm based on wavelet transform and particle swarm optimization (PSO). e algorithm uses the PSO algorithm to obtain the best wavelet coefficients for watermark embedding. e above watermarking algorithms all have a common problem that their robustness is not strong. e watermarking algorithm based on regions of noninterest (RONI) is not strong against watermarking attacks, whereas the reversible watermarking algorithm is not strong against geometric attacks. erefore, finding an medical image watermarking (MIW) algorithm that does not affect doctors’ diagnosis and has good robustness is a problem that has long plagued researchers
Summary
Cheng Gong ,1 Jingbing Li ,1,2 Uzair Aslam Bhatti, Ming Gong, Jixin Ma ,5 and Mengxing Huang. To protect the patient information in medical images, this article proposes a robust watermarking algorithm for medical images based on Harris-SURF-DCT. The corners of the medical image are extracted using the Harris corner detection algorithm, and the previously extracted corners are described using the method of describing feature points in the SURF algorithm to generate the feature descriptor matrix. En, the feature descriptor matrix is processed through the perceptual hash algorithm to obtain the feature vector of the medical image, which is a binary feature vector with a size of 32 bits. With the help of cryptography knowledge, third party, and zero-watermarking technology, the algorithm can embed the watermark without modifying the medical image. The algorithm can extract the watermark from the test image without the original image.
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