Robust and Blind Audio Watermarking Scheme Based on Genetic Algorithm in Dual Transform Domain

Qiuling Wu,Aiyan Qu,Lejun Ma,Dandan Huang,Paolo Crippa

doi:10.1155/2021/3378683

Abstract

In order to protect the copyright of audio media in cyberspace, a robust and blind audio watermarking scheme based on the genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed in a dual transform domain. A formula for calculating the embedding depth is developed, and two embedding depths with different values are used to represent the “1” and “0” states of the binary watermark, respectively. In the extracting process, the embedding depth in each audio fragment will be calculated and compared with the average embedding depth to determine the watermark bit by bit, so this scheme can blindly extract the watermark without the original audio. GA will be applied to optimize the algorithm parameters for meeting the performance requirements in different applications. Besides, the embedding rule is further optimized to enhance the transparency based on the principle of minimal modification to the audio. Experimental results prove that the payload capacity reaches 172.27 bps, the bit error rate (BER) is 0.1% under the premise that its transparency is higher than 25 dB, and its robustness is strong against many attacks. Significantly, this scheme can adaptively select the algorithm parameters to satisfy the specific performance requirements.

Highlights

In modern society, the development of network technology has greatly promoted the rapid dissemination of network resources
In order to prevent the loss of the information hidden in the audio carriers which may suffer from various attacks, watermarking schemes developed in the transform domain usually have strong robustness. ere are many transform domain schemes, such as discrete cosine transform (DCT) [17], discrete wavelet transform (DWT) [18, 19], discrete Fourier transform (DFT) [20], and singular value decomposition (SVD) [21]
A robust and blind audio watermarking scheme based on genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed in the DCT-DWT dual transform domain

Summary

Introduction

The development of network technology has greatly promoted the rapid dissemination of network resources. Ere are four main indicators, including transparency, robustness, security, and payload capacity, to evaluate the performance of information hiding technology They are contradictory, so researchers usually focus on some indicators according to the actual application requirements when they develop the hiding scheme. In order to prevent the loss of the information hidden in the audio carriers which may suffer from various attacks, watermarking schemes developed in the transform domain usually have strong robustness. A robust and blind audio watermarking scheme based on GA is proposed in the DCT-DWT dual transform domain. (1) Our proposed scheme is developed in the DWTDCT dual transform domain, and it has strong robustness to prevent from losing the watermark hidden in the carried audio which may suffer from various attacks.

Principle of the Proposed Scheme

Performance Evaluation

Conclusions

Findings

Conflicts of Interest